Edinburgh Co-operatives: Difference between revisions

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===WESTERN CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY  1865-1867===
===WESTERN CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY  1865-1867===

Revision as of 10:44, 28 March 2024

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BONNINGTON CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY, LEITH 1873-1878

The town of Leith was the main port for Edinburgh and was controlled by Edinburgh for many centuries. In 1833 it was made a separate burgh and in 1920 was encorporated into Edinburgh.

The society is first listed in the Edinburgh Postal Directory from 1873 to 1878 with the address given as 16 Bonnington road. In March 1877 the society was taken to court by a member for not allowing him to examine the society books[1]. The society stated that this could be done on the evening set aside by the rules.

The SCWS wrote of debts owed to it by the society, £133, in May 1878.

BONNINGTON CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LIMITED LEITH
File:LeithCo.Bon.£1.jpg
Source (DNW N Beaton Collection)
Filename LeithCo.Bon.£1
Value £1
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Copper
Notes
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EDINBURGH NORTHERN DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY 1866-1900

The society was formed in 1866. In 1872 it was reported that some members were falsifying checks and that when challanged would blame their children[2].A new larger bakery was opened in Hamilton Street at the end of 1895, with the St Stephen's Street bakery closing[3]

There was concern about the societies in Edinburgh overlapping on each other's areas[4]. This led to discussions regarding amalgamation. Edinburgh Northern and St Cuthberts voted on amalgamation in October 1899 with both societies approving the amalgamation by over 90%[5][6]. In The society joined St Cuthberts in March 1900.

EDINBURGH NORTHERN DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LIMITED
File:EdinCo.North.HSov.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.North.HSov
Value HALF SOVN
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 18
Manufacture Brass
Notes
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LEITH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY 1861-1865

The town of Leith was the main port for Edinburgh and was controlled by Edinburgh for many centuries. In 1833 it was made a separate burgh and in 1920 was encorporated into Edinburgh.

The society was formed in August 1861 with a shop being obtained in September[7]. By 1864 the society was reporting that it had opened additional shops[8] - the 1865 Edinburgh Post Office directory lists the stores as 53 & 54 Yardheads and 34 Bridge Street, which is the last listing for the co-operative.

The British Museum example of the token was aquired in 1870.

LEITH CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LIMITED ?
File:LeithCo.Leith.HSov.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename LeithCo.Leith.HSov
Value HALF SOVN
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Copper
Notes British Museum No. 1870,0507.16334

Listed on website as sovereign

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PORTOBELLO CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY 1864-1968

Figgate village was started in 1750 which grew with the establishment of factories from 1764. The name was changed to Portobello to commemorate the 1789 capture of Puerto Bello in South America. In 1833 the town became a burgh and in 1896 was encorporated into Edinburgh. The town has a two mile long sandy beach and by 1806 was an established holiday resort. A 380m long pier built in 1871 and demolished in 1917. A promenade esplanade was created in 1876. The Marine Gardens were opened in 1909, containing a ballroom, cinema, theatre, sports stadium, roller skating rink, circus, zoo, ornamental gardens and maze - all remnants were demolished in 1966.

The society was formed in 1864. In October 1898 the manager of the society was sentence to six months for swindling the society[9]. A low dividend was declared, attributed to over-valuation of goods, costing annomolies and bad debt. With a vote of no confidence passed, a new chairman and three new directors were elected. The society recovered a few years later.

The society joined St Cuthberts in 1968.

PORTOBELLO CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LD
File:PbelloCoop.H.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.H
Value ½d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 18
Manufacture Brown Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.3.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.3
Value 3d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 18
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:PbelloCoop.6.jpg
Source (TCS 12)
Filename PbelloCoop.6
Value 6d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Oval 24x18
Manufacture Brown Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.2S.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.2S
Value 2/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Octagon 25
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.5S.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.5S
Value 5/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Square 19
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes Legend to be confirmed
PORTOBELLO CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LTD
File:PbelloCoop.Fa.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.Fa
Value ¼d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 16
Manufacture Yellow Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.1a.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.1a
Value 1d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Oval 30x25
Manufacture Light Brown Plastic
Notes
PbelloCoop.1b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.1b
Value 1d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Oval 30x25
Manufacture Mid-Brown Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.1c.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.1c
Value 1d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Oval 30x24
Manufacture Dark Brown Plastic
Notes
File:PbelloCoop.1Sa.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename PbelloCoop.1Sa
Value 1/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes
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PROFESSIONAL & CIVIL SERVICE SUPPLY ASSOCIATION 1867-1925

The society was formed in 1867 by civil servant with similar rules to the Civil Service Supply Association in London, with management mainly by a committee and annual shareholder meetings. It did not start operating a store until 1868 when it had occupied a store in Fredrick Street, open from 9am to 7pm daily[10]. In 1879 it was reported that there were five or six co-operative stores in Edinburgh, with the Proffesional & Civil Service one being very large and the others very small[11]. By this time th society allowed anyone to puchase from the store for a 5s membership fee. A grocer attended the Select Committee of the House of Commons on behalf of 428 grocers in Edinburgh that had been set up in 1879 to look at certain co-operatives

In May 1921 the society's shares had reduced in value from 15s to 13s and had reduced to 8s 6d in October 1923. The society had put it's Fredrick Street building up for sale by then and wastransferring all operations to George Street[12], with a new occupant in place by September 1924. For the year to June 1925 the society traded at a loss of £3872 net, £8460 gross[13]. This resulted in the society selling it's store in George Street to the SCWS for £80,000 and selling off it's stock. In September the society passed the final resolution to wind up the society[14]. The society had been selling off it's stock from June and in November the fittings of the store and offices were auctioned off[15]. The shareholders recieved 11s 3d per share in 1927[16]

PROFL & CIVIL SERVICE SUPPLY ASSOC LIMITED EDINR
File:EdinCo.P&C.HLf.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.P&C.HLf
Value HALF LOAF
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 21
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.P&C.1Lf.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.P&C.1Lf
Value ONE LOAF
Add Desc. Milled edge
Size (mm) 26
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.P&C.1Lfa.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.P&C.1Lfa
Value ONE LOAF
Add Desc. Plain edge
Size (mm) 26
Manufacture Brass
Notes
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ST CUTHBERT'S CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION 1859-1981

The society was formed in 1859 with a small store opened in Fountainbridge by November[17]. The society struggled for the first few years. In 1864 it appealed to members to use the society and allowed married women to be members. A new store and bakery were opened in Morrison Street in 1865. New stores were opened in Dalry Road and Adam Street in 1877. In 1880 the society opened it's new headquarters store in Fountainbridge. Another 20 stores were opened by 1900. Through expansion and amalgamation by 1909 St Cuthbert's was the largest co-operative society in Scotland and had the highest sales in the UK. In 1913 the society purchased Cliftonhall Estate and started farming operations with further farms purchased before 1920. In the 1920s it opened an almost fully automatic bakery and a dairy that by 1959 was producing 12,000 gallons of milk a day.

The society started converting stores to self-service in 1949 and in 1959 opened it's first supermarket. In 1966 through amalgamation it became the only co-operative society in Edinburgh. The society united with Dalziel in 1981 to form Scottish Midland (ScotMid), with the headquarters at Fountainbridge, moving to Newbridge in 2005. In 2015 Scotmid was the largest independent co-operative with 350 retail outlets in Scotland, North of England and Northern Ireland.

In August 1905 the society lost a case against a pawnbroker for return of three £1 checks and all others the pawnbroker had obtained at no cost to the society[18]. The Sheriff ruled that the society had no control over the pawnbroker so the pawnbroker was entitled to recover the 4s 6d that he had paid for the checks from the society. Expenses were awarded to the pawnbroker.

In January 1908 the society discussed metal checks[19]. It was noted that, despite society rules not allowing it, there was a substantial trade in metal checks, with advertisements in the newspapers. Pawnbrokers and others who had nothing to do with the society would obtain checks below their value. The new system proposed was to put the share number on the paper reciepts and that the paper reciepts would be the vouchers for dividend purposes. The new system would require sixty extra girls and £1000 per annum. The reciept based system was approved at the meeting.

ST CUTHBERTS CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCN
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Plated Iron
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1a.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1a
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 18.5
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1b
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19.5
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1b
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc. 1 on one side with bottom serifs
Size (mm) 19.5
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HSov.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HSov
Value HALF SOVN
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HSova.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HSova
Value HALF SOVN
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 20
Manufacture Brass
Notes
ST CUTHBERTS CO-OPE ASSOCN LD
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3
Value 3d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 20
Manufacture Plated Iron
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3a.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3a
Value 3d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 20
Manufacture Iron
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3b
Value 3d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 20
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3c.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3c
Value 3d
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 20
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1S.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1S
Value 1/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 24
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Sa.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Sa
Value 1/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 24
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
ST CUTHBERTS CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCN LD
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HSovb.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HSovb
Value HALF SOVN
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 20
Manufacture Brass
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:EdinCo.SCuth.10Sb.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.10Sb
Value 10/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) Hexagon 21
Manufacture Brass
Notes
ST CUTHBERTS CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION LIMITED
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Sb.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Sb
Value 1/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 24
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Sc.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Sc
Value 1/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 24
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.2S6.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.2S6
Value 2/6
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.2S6a.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.2S6a
Value 2/6
Add Desc. 2 smaller than 6
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.2S6b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.2S6b
Value 2/6
Add Desc. Plain edge
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Zinc
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:EdinCo.SCuth.2S6c.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.2S6c
Value 2/6
Add Desc. Reverse border only, plain edge
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Zinc
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:EdinCo.SCuth.5S.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.5S
Value 5/-
Add Desc. Uniface
Size (mm) 27
Manufacture Zinc
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:EdinCo.SCuth.5Sa.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.5Sa
Value 5/-
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 27
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
ST CUTHBERT'S CO-OP ASSOCIATION LD
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Pt.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Pt
Value PINT
Add Desc. Rim both sides
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Red Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Pta.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptb
Value PINT
Add Desc. Rim both sides
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Blue Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Bag.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Bag
Value ONE BAG
Add Desc. Hole
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes Legend to be confirmed
ST CUTHBERTS CO-OP ASSOCIATION LIMITED
File:EdinCo.SCuth.£1.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.£1
Value ONE POUND
Add Desc. LIMITED close to POUND
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.£1a.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.£1a
Value ONE POUND
Add Desc. LIMITED further from POUND
Size (mm) 24
Manufacture Brass
Notes
ST CUTHBERTS CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCN LIMITED
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1d.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1d
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Plated Iron Bracteate
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1e.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1e
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1f.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1f
Value 1 PENNY
Add Desc. Uniface
Size (mm) 19
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3d.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3d
Value 3 PENCE
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 21
Manufacture Plated Iron Bracteate
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3e.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3e
Value 3 PENCE
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 21
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3f.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3f
Value 3 PENCE
Add Desc. Uniface
Size (mm) 21
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.3g.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.3g
Value 3 PENCE
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 21
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.6.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.6
Value 6 PENCE
Add Desc. Milled edge
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Plated Iron
Notes Legend to be confirmed
File:EdinCo.SCuth.6a.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.6a
Value 6 PENCE
Add Desc. Plain edge
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.6b.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.6b
Value 6 PENCE
Add Desc. Uniface, plain edge
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.6c.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.6c
Value 6 PENCE
Add Desc. Milled edge
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Silvered Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Sd.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Sd
Value 1 SHILLING
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Se.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Se
Value 1 SHILLING
Add Desc. Uniface
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Se.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Se
Value 1 SHILLING
Add Desc. Uniface
Size (mm) 23
Manufacture Copper Plated Zinc
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.£5.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.£5
Value £5
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Brass
Notes
ST CUTHBERT'S CO-OP ASSOCIATION LTD
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPtb.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPtb
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Light Grey Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPtc.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPtc
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Light Blue Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPtd.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPtd
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Blue Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPte.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPte
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Red Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPtf.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPtf
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Maroon Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.HPtg.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.HPtg
Value ½ PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptb.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptb
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Light Blue Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptc.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptc
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Blue Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptd.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptd
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Pink Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Pte.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Pte
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Red Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptf.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptf
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture MaroonPlastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptg.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptg
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Dark Maroon Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Pth.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Pth
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Brown Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Pti.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Pti
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptj.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Ptj
Value PINT
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 25
Manufacture Yellow Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtb.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtb
Value QUART
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 28
Manufacture Maroon Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtc.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtc
Value QUART
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 28
Manufacture Dark Brown Plastic
Notes
File:EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtd.jpg
Source
Filename EdinCo.SCuth.1Qtd
Value QUART
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 28
Manufacture Black Plastic
Notes
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WESTERN CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY 1865-1867

The society was at Grove Buildings, 92 Grove Street. The first Post Office directory listing is 1865.

The society was wound up at the end of 1867[20]

WESTERN CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY LIMITED
File:EdinCo.West.3.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.West.3
Value 3 PENCE
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 17
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.West.6.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.West.6
Value 6 PENCE
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 22
Manufacture Brass
Notes
File:EdinCo.West.1S.jpg
Source (DRR)
Filename EdinCo.West.1S
Value 1 SHILLING
Add Desc.
Size (mm) 24
Manufacture Brass
Notes
  1. The Scotsman, 28 Mar 1877, page 6
  2. Edinburgh Evening News, 26 Apr 1892, page 3
  3. Edinburgh Evening News, 30 Dec 1895, page 2
  4. Edinburgh Evening News, 14 Feb 1900, page 2
  5. Edinburgh Evening News, 19 Oct 1899, page 3
  6. Edinburgh Evening News, 17 Oct 1899, page 2
  7. Caledonian Mercury, 19 Feb 1863, page 3
  8. Daily Review (Edinburgh), 17 Feb 1864, page 6
  9. Edinburgh Evening News, 29 Oct 1898, page 2
  10. Edinburgh Evening Courant, 16 Jan 1868, page 1
  11. Edinburgh Evening News, 10 Jul 1879, page 3
  12. The Scotsman, 31 Oct 1923, page 2
  13. Dundee Courier, 03 Jun 1925, page 2
  14. Edinburgh Evening News, 30 Sep 1925, page 6
  15. Dundee Courier, 19 Nov 1925, page 7
  16. The Scotsman, 09 Apr 1927, page 1
  17. Scotmid - Past, Present & Future, George Davidson, 2009
  18. Edinburgh Evening News, 18 Aug 1905, page 2
  19. Edinburgh Evening News, 24 Jan 1908, page 4
  20. Edinburgh Evening Courant, 10 Jan 1868, page 1