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Anglo-Gallic Coinage

Started by Deeman, July 04, 2023, 04:34:10 PM

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Deeman

Henry as Earl, Denier

The billon denier had a diameter of 18mm. The obverse design is a lion left between two beaded lines, quatrefoil below, all within an inner circle and a circumscription translating to 'Earl Henry'. The reverse design is a cross pattée within an inner circle and a circumscription translating to 'Lord of Bergerac'.

Henry Earl of Lancaster billon denier, S8113.jpg

1347-50/1 denier, Bergerac mint. Very rare.
Obverse circumscription is + hЄnRICVS COm.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS B[RAGAI]RA.

Deeman

Henry as Duke Silver Coinage

Gros au Léopard Couchant

There were two issues of the silver gros au léopard couchant. The first issue had a cross pattée within an inner circle on the obverse and a lion with a circumscription on the reverse. The second had a Latin cross on the obverse and a lion with an inscription below on the reverse.

First issue, diameter 25mm. The obverse design has two circumscriptions within beaded circles around a short cross pattée. The outer circumscription translates to 'Blessed be the name of our lord God' (benedictum sit nomen domini nostri dei). The inner circumscription translates to 'Henry, Duke of Lancaster'. The reverse is a crowned lion left with a circumscription translating to 'Lord of Bergerac' within an inner circle surrounded by a tressure of arches, each containing a leaf.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver gros au léopard couchant, first issue, S8114.jpg

1355-56 gros au léopard, first issue, Bergerac mint. Very rare.
Obverse outer circumscription is + BnD[ICTV] SIT nOmЄ DnI nRI DЄI, trefoil stops.
Obverse inner circumscription is + Єn DVX LAnCЄ B, saltire stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS BRAGЄRIB, saltire stop.

Second issue, diameter 26-29mm. The obverse design has two circumscriptions within circles around a Latin cross with pattée terminations dividing the inner circle at its base. The outer circumscription translates to 'Blessed be the name of the lord God'. The inner circumscription translates to 'Henry, Lord of Bergerac'. The reverse is a crowned lion left with an inscription below in two lines translating to 'Duke of Lancaster' within an inner circle surrounded by a tressure of arches, each containing a leaf.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver gros au léopard couchant, second issue, S8115.jpg

1355-56 gros au léopard, second issue, Bergerac mint. Very rare.
Obverse outer circumscription is + BnDICTV SIT nOmЄ DnI nRI DЄII, colon stops.
Obverse inner circumscription is + Єn:DnS / BRAGIЄ.
Reverse inscription under lion is LAnCAI / IE:DVX.

Deeman

Henry as Duke, Gros Tournois à la Couronne (short cross, crown in châtel)

The silver gros tournois à la couronne had value 12 deniers tournois, diameter 28mm. The obverse design has two circumscriptions within beaded circles around a short cross pattée. The outer circumscription translates to 'Blessed be the name of our lord God' (benedictum sit nomen domini nostri dei). The inner circumscription translates to 'Henry, Lord of Bergerac'. The reverse design is a châtel with annulet turrets, crown within (giving the coin its name), lion above, circumscription translating to 'Duke of Lancaster', all within an inner circle surrounded by a tressure of 12 arches, each containing a leaf.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver gros tournois à la couronne, short cross, crown in châtel, S8116.jpg

1357-60/1 gros tournois à la couronne, Bergerac mint. Very rare.
Obverse outer circumscription is + BnDICTV SIT nOmЄ DnI nRI D[ЄI], quatrefoil stops.
Obverse inner circumscription is + Єn DnS BRAGIIЄ, double quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is DVX LAnCAII, double quatrefoil stop.

Deeman

Henry as Duke, Sterling

The silver sterling (quarter-gros) had a diameter of 16mm. The obverse design is a crowned head of lion facing, either cross or lis on crown, with a circumscription translating to 'Henry, Duke of Lancaster'. The reverse design is a long cross pattée with a mix between a trio of pellets and a crown in the quarters dividing a circumscription translating to 'Lord of Bergerac'.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver sterling, S8117.jpg

1357-60/1 sterling, Bergerac mint. Very rare.
Obverse circumscription is + hЄn DVX LAnCAST, double annulet after 'hЄn', lis on crown.
Reverse circumscription is DnS / BRA / GAI / RAC, trio of pellets first quarter, outward crown in other three.

Deeman

Henry as Duke, Gros au Lion

The silver gros au lion had a 28-29mm diameter. There were two issues, before and after the Treaty of Brétigny. The obverse design has two circumscriptions within beaded circles around a medium cross pattée that divides the inner inscription. The outer circumscription translates to 'Blessed be the name of our lord God' (benedictum sit nomen domini nostri dei). The inner circumscription translates to 'Lord Henry'. The reverse is a lion rampant left with a circumscription translating to 'Duke of Lancaster' for the pre-treaty issue and 'Bergerac mint' for the post-treaty issue, within an inner circle surrounded by a tressure of arches, each containing a leaf.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver gros au lion, pre-treaty, S8118.jpg

1360 gros au lion, Bergerac mint. Very rare. Issued prior to the Treaty of Brétigny.
Obverse outer circumscription is + BnDICTV SIT nOmЄ DnI nRI Dn, triple pellet stops.
Obverse inner circumscription is ЄnO / VRI / DVS / DnS.
Reverse circumscription is + DVX OLAnCAIIЄ.

Henry Duke of Lancaster silver gros au lion, post-treaty, S8118.jpg

1360/1 gros au lion, Bergerac mint. Very rare. Issued after the ratification of the Treaty of Brétigny on 24 Oct 1360.
Obverse outer circumscription is [+ BnDIC[TV SIT n[OmЄ] DnI nRI DI, triple pellet stops.
Obverse inner circumscription is ЄnO / VRI / DOS / DnS.
Reverse circumscription is + MOnЄTA BRA.I, trefoil stop.

Deeman

Henry as Duke Billon Coinage

Double

The billon double (denier) had a diameter of 19mm. The obverse design is a cross pattée in an inner circle with a circumscription translating to 'Henry, Duke of Lancaster'. The reverse design is a crowned lion left in an inner circle with a circumscription translating to 'double currency'.

Henry Duke of Lancaster billon double, S8119.jpg

1355-60/1 double (denier), Bergerac mint. Extremely rare.
Obverse circumscription is + hЄn DVX LA[nCAS], trefoil stop.
Reverse circumscription is + mOnЄTA DVP[LЄX], pellet stop.

Denier

The billon denier had a diameter of 18mm. The obverse design has 'BRA' between two lines with and lion left above, all within an inner circle and a circumscription translating to 'Henry, Duke of Lancaster'. The reverse design is a cross pattée within an inner circle and a circumscription translating to 'Lord of Bergerac'.

Obverse circumscription is + hЄn DVX LAnCAS.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS BRAGAIRACI.

No image available. Extremely rare.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince

Edward of Woodstock was born on 15 Jun 1330. He was the eldest son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, but alas he never actually became king, dying one year before his father on 8 Jun 1376, at only 45 years old. Edward's limited years did not limit either his prowess or his progress however, as he was a prolific and successful mediaeval warrior and remains famous for his achievements. He grew up the quintessential mediaeval prince, being taught the duties of both a soldier and a knight from early childhood. He was instructed in the codes of chivalry and was an avid jouster.

Edward was the first Duke of Cornwall (from 1337) and the Prince of Wales (from 1343). In 1362, Edward III raised the province of Aquitaine into a Principality and appointed his son Prince of Aquitaine on 19 Jul, who left England in 1363 to take up his duties as the king's representative holding court with his wife Joan 'The Fair Maid of Kent', who was, controversially, also his cousin.

Edward was only 13 years old when he was made Prince of Wales, and a mere three years later he had already proven himself in battle. The battle in question was Crécy in North Eastern France in Aug 1346. It was a total victory for the English and devastating to the French.

In 1354, when Edward III made a peace treaty with Scotland, he decided to renew hostilities against France and appointed The Black Prince as his lieutenant in the duchy of Guienne. He immediately commenced his preparations to ravage the southern provinces of France and a series of victories terminated in Sep 1356, when he defeated the French at Poitiers and even took the French king, John 'The Good', prisoner. He was taken to the Tower of London, then ransomed back to the French and no mistreatment was recorded. These successes culminated in the Treaty of Brétigny, ratified 24 Oct 1360, which ended the first phase, of what became known as the Hundred Years' War.

To commemorate the Black Prince's victories, Edward III raised the Duchy of Aquitaine to a principality and formally invested his son with it. Having governed the principality for only a few years, he was reduced by a long illness to extreme debility, of which the French king did not fail to take advantage.

Charles V roused the people of Guienne to revolt and made himself master of Limoges. Edward had been betrayed by a turncoat Bishop, Johan de Cross. He welcomed a French garrison into the town and they promptly took it from the English in Aug 1370. Edward was swift to retaliate and this is what some historians argue bred his sobriquet, the Black Prince. The number of civilians slaughtered in Edward's revenge was around 300, an enormous slaughter for the time in just one mediaeval town. Edward took the town back for the English in Oct of that year.

The Black Prince left for England in Jan 1371/2 and in Nov 1372 formally surrendered Aquitaine to Edward III. Battles, occupation and re-occupation had taken place and by the end of 1373 only Bordeaux and Bayonne were left in the hands of the English.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Coinage

The coins of Edward the Black Prince follow the pattern set by his father, Edward III. There were more mints for the silver than the gold, the latter being mainly minted at Bordeaux and La Rochelle, but also (rarely) at Bergerac, Figeac, Limoges and Poitiers. A single letter at the end of the reverse legends indicates which mint. Gold coins were also issued without any mint identification letter.

Five main types of gold were minted. Two were similar to those of his father (léopard and guyennois), two were unique to the Prince (noble guyennois and fort) and one was continued by his son Richard (hardi). The léopard and guyennois were short-lived 1362 strikes, quickly supplanted by the noble guyennois, which continued to circulate to 1368. The fort was issued in Nov 1366 and the hardi was introduced shortly before May 1368 as part of a new monetary system. The obverse inscription was an abbreviation of Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie meaning Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine.

Silver coins were struck in Agen, Bordeaux, Dax, Figeac, Limoges, Poitiers, La Rochelle and Tarbes. The issue is large with a variety of styles of portrait and inscription abbreviations. As with the gold issues, earlier strikes were a continuation of his father's issues. These were the gros, demi-gros and sterling denominations. Both the demi-gros and sterling were significantly debased by 1365, yielding first and second issues of the types. As with the gold hardi, a silver hardi was issued as part of 1368 currency reform superseding the sterling.

The initial base billon (black) coins were a continuation of his father's monetary reform of Nov 1361. These are the double guyennois and denier au lion (petit guyennois noir). A new style denier was issued around 1368. Black coins were struck in Agen, Bordeaux, Dax, Figeac, Limoges, Poitiers, La Rochelle and Tarbes.

Gold denominations:
Léopard.
Guyennois.
Noble guyennois à la rose (previously pavillon d'or).
Demi-noble guyennois à la rose (previously demi-pavillon d'or).
Noble guyennois à l'e, two issues (previously pavillon d'or). The second 'light' issue was probably in consequence of demands of the army for the Spanish expedition.
Fort (previously chaise d'or).
Hardi.

Silver denominations:
Gros.
Demi-gros, two issues.
Sterling, two issues.
Hardi, superseded the sterling.

Billon denominations:
Double guyennois.
Denier au lion (petit guyennois noir), lion right.
Denier au lion (petit guyennois noir), lion left.
Denier.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Gold Coinage

Léopard

The léopard had a diameter of 29mm. The obverse design is a crowned lion facing walking left within a tressure of eleven arcs, quatrefoils on cusps, mullet in second spandrel, voided quatrefoils in all other spandrels. The circumscription translates to 'Edward, first son of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a floreated cross with six pellets in central quadrilobe ornamented with quatrefoils, lion in each angle, all within an ornate quadrilobe with voided quatrefoils in spandrels. The circumscription translates to 'Christ conquers, Christ reigns, Christ commands'. It is uncertain at which mint this coin was struck. It was a short-lived issue supplanted by the noble guyennois.

Edward the Black Prince gold léopard, S8121.jpg

1362 léopard.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD PmO GnS RЄGIS AnGLIЄ PnCЄPS AQITAnIЄ, double quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + XP'C VInCIT XP'C RЄGNAT XP'C IMPЄRAT, double quatrefoil stops.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Guyennois

After his victory over Jean le Bon at Poitiers in 1362, he ordered the guyennois to be struck with the effigy of the Prince of Aquitaine walking to the right with two lions beneath his feet, being symbols of his victories and the role of Bordeaux as capital. These coins took on political significance because they represented Anglo-Gascon Guyenne.

The guyennois had a diameter of 30mm. The obverse design is a full length figure of the Prince in armour, standing to right under a Gothic portico, sword in right hand, shield in left hand, two lions couchant below, design reaching bottom edge of coin. The circumscription, divided by the design, translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a floreated cross with the letter 'B' prostrate in central quadrilobe, lis and lion in alternate angles, tressure of 16 arcs surrounding, pellet on each cusp, all within an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'Glory be to God in the highest, and in earth peace towards men'. It was a short-lived issue supplanted by the noble guyennois.

Edward the Black Prince gold guyennois, Bordeaux, S8122.jpg

1362 guyennois, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD' / P / GnS RЄGIS A / n / GLI / Є / PnCPS AQIT / A / nIЄ.
Reverse circumscription is + GLIЄ In ЄXCЄLCIS DЄO ЄT In TRA PAX OmInIBVS, double quatrefoil stops.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Noble Guyennois à la Rose (previously pavillon d'or)

The noble guyennois à la rose was struck at various mints identified by lettering at the end of the reverse circumscription: Bergerac (BRI), Bordeaux (B), Limoges (L), Poitiers (P) and La Rochelle R). Also struck without mint identification.

The noble guyennois à la rose had a diameter of 32mm. The obverse design is a full length figure of the prince, robed, right hand holding upright sword, left hand raised in benediction, standing over two opposing lions under an ornate Gothic portico and tressure of arcs, four ostrich feathers in field. The circumscription, divided by the design, translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a cross quernée with a central cinquefoil (à la rose derivation), lis and lion in alternate angles each with two ostrich feathers, all within an ornate quadrilobe and tressure of arcs with trefoils on cusps, trefoils or rosettes in spandrels, all within an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'The Lord is my strength and my shield, and my heart hath trusted him' (Dominus adjutor et protector meum et in ipso speravit cor meum) from Psalm 28:8.

Normally the lis is in the first angle of the cross, but Bordeaux and Poitiers are also known with a lion in the first angle.
The ostrich feathers in the obverse field normally bend right, but La Rochelle is also known with the feathers bending left.
La Rochelle has a variety with lis and lions upright.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à la rose, Bergerac, S8123.jpg

1362-63 noble guyennois à la rose, Bergerac mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG / AnGL PnCS AQI, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCIO mЄ Ƶ IIPAVIT COR mЄVm followed by 'BRI' for Bergerac, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à la rose, Bordeaux, lis first angle, S8123.jpg

1362-63 noble guyennois à la rose, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG / AnGL PnCPS A, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVI COR mЄVm followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à la rose, Bordeaux, lion first angle, S8123.jpg

1362-63 noble guyennois à la rose, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG A / nGL PnPS AQVIT, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVI COR mЄVm followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lion first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à la rose, Poitiers, S8123.jpg

1362-63 noble guyennois à la rose, Poitiers mint.
Obverse circumscription is CD PO GnƧ RЄG A / nGL PnPƧ AQVT, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnƧ AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO ƧPAIT COR mЄVm followed by 'P' for Poitiers, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à la rose, La Rochelle, S8123.jpg

1362-63 noble guyennois à la rose, La Rochelle mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnƧ RЄG / AnGL PnPƧ AQVT, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnƧ AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO ƧPAIT COR mЄVm followed by 'R' for La Rochelle, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Demi-Noble Guyennois à la Rose (previously demi-pavillon d'or)

The demi-noble guyennois à la rose had a diameter of 25mm. The obverse design is a full length figure of the prince, robed, right hand holding upright sword, left hand raised in benediction, standing over two opposing lions under an ornate Gothic portico and tressure of arcs, four ostrich feathers in field. The circumscription, divided by the design, translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie). The reverse design is a cross quernée with a central cinquefoil (à la rose derivation), lion and lis in alternate angles each with two ostrich feathers, all within an ornate quadrilobe, trefoils in spandrels, all within an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'The Lord is my strength and my shield, and my heart hath trusted him' (Dominus adjutor et protector meum et in ipso speravit cor meum) from Psalm 28:8.

Edward the Black Prince gold demi-noble guyennois à la rose, S8124.jpg

1362-63 demi-noble guyennois à la rose, no mint identification. Extremely rare.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD' PO GnS R / ЄGIS AnGLЄ, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCIO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVI COR, double voided quatrefoil stops.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Noble Guyennois à l'E (previously pavillon d'or)

The noble guyennois à l'e was the most prolific of the Edward the Black Prince gold coins. It was struck at various mints identified by lettering at the end of the reverse circumscription: Bordeaux (B), Figeac (F), Limoges (L), Poitiers (P) and La Rochelle R). Also struck without mint identification. The issue was a weight reduction of the noble guyennois à la rose.

The noble guyennois à l'e had a diameter of 30mm. The obverse design is a full length figure of the prince, robed, right hand holding upright sword, left hand raised in benediction, standing over two opposing lions under an ornate Gothic portico and tressure of arcs, four ostrich feathers in field. The circumscription, divided by the design, translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a cross quernée with a central 'Є', lis and lion in alternate angles each with two ostrich feathers, all within an ornate quadrilobe and tressure of arcs with trefoils on cusps, trefoils or rosettes in spandrels, all within an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'The Lord is my strength and my shield, and my heart hath trusted him' (Dominus adjutor et protector meum et in ipso speravit cor meum) from Psalm 28:8.

There were two issues. On 8 Jan 1365/6 the weight was reduced and this second issue is identified by an initial cinquefoil symbol in the obverse and/or reverse inscriptions.
Normally the lis is in the first angle of the cross, but Bordeaux and Limoges (second issue) are also known with a lion in the first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Bordeaux, lion first angle, S8125.jpg

1364-65/6 noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD' PO GnS RЄG / AnGL PICS AQI, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCIO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVI COR mЄVm followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lion first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à l'e, second issue, Bordeaux, lis first angle, S8126.jpg

1365/6-68 noble guyennois à l'e, second issue, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD' PO GnS RЄG / AnGL PnCS A, double voided quatrefoil stops, cinquefoil before ЄD.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCIO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVIT COR mЄVm followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Figeac, S8125.jpg

1364-65/6 noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Figeac mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG A / nGL PnPS AQVI, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAVI COR mЄVm followed by 'F' for Figeac, double voided quatrefoil stops, rosettes in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Poitiers, S8125.jpg

1364-65/6 noble guyennois à l'e, first issue, Poitiers mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG A / nGL PnS AQVI, double voided quatrefoil stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DnƧ AIVTO Ƶ PTЄCTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO ƧPAIT COR mЄVm followed by 'P' for Poitiers, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold noble guyennois à l'e, second issue, La Rochelle, S8126.jpg

1365/6-68 noble guyennois à l'e, second issue, La Rochelle mint.
Obverse circumscription is ЄD PO GnS RЄG A / nGL PnS AQVIT, double voided quatrefoil stops, cinquefoil before ЄD.
Reverse circumscription is + DnS AIVTO Ƶ PTCЄTO mЄ Ƶ IIPO SPAIT COR mЄVm followed by 'R' for La Rochelle, double voided quatrefoil stops, trefoils in spandrels, lis first angle.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Fort (previously chaise d'or)

The fort was struck at various mints identified by lettering at the end of the reverse and/or obverse circumscriptions: Bergerac (BЄR rev), Bordeaux (B rev), Limoges (L rev), Poitiers (P rev and/or obv) and La Rochelle (R rev and obv). Also struck without mint identification. Its name is derived from the reverse inscription.

The fort had a diameter of 25mm. The obverse design is a bearded prince, flowers in hair, holding sceptre, standing facing, large Gothic throne behind within an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a rosette in the centre of a cross fleury, lis and lion in alternate angles, all within an ornate quadrilobe with rosettes in spandrels, no inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'God the just, powerful, patient judge' (Deus judex, justus, fortis Z paciens).
Normally the lis is in the first angle of the cross, but Bordeaux and Limoges are also known with a lion in the first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold fort, Bordeaux, lion first angle, S8127.jpg

From 1366 Fort, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD' PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLIЄ PnS AQITAnIЄ, rosette stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DЄVS IVDЄX IVSTVS FORTIS Z PACIЄnS followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, rosette stops, lion first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold fort, Poitiers, S8127.jpg

From 1366 Fort, Poitiers mint.
Obverse circumscription is + DЄ PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLI PnS AQITAnIЄ, followed by 'P' for Poitiers, rosette stops.
Reverse circumscription is + DЄV IVDЄX IVSTVS FORTIS Z PACIЄn followed by 'P' for Poitiers, rosette stops, lis first angle.

Deeman

Edward the Black Prince Hardi

The hardi was struck at various mints identified by lettering at the end of the reverse circumscription: Bordeaux (B), Limoges (L), Poitiers (P) and La Rochelle (R).

The gold hardi had a diameter of 27mm. The obverse design is a half-length robed figure of the prince, wearing plain or flowered diadem, right hand holding upright sword, left hand raised in benediction, within a tressure of arcs in an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'Edward, first born of the King of England, Prince of Aquitaine' (Edwardvs primo genitvs regis Anglie princeps Aqvitanie). The reverse design is a cross quernée with a central voided quatrefoil, lis and lion in alternate angles each with two ostrich feathers, within a tressure of arcs in an inner circle. The circumscription translates to 'My help cometh from the Lord' (Auxilium meum a Domino), Psalm 121:2.

Normally the lis is in the first angle of the cross, but Limoges also known with a lion in the first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold hardi, Bordeaux, plain fillet, S8128.jpg

1368-72 hardi, Bordeaux mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD' PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLIЄ PnS AQITAnIЄ, rosette stops, plain diadem.
Reverse circumscription is + AVXILIVm mЄVm A DOmInO followed by 'B' for Bordeaux, rosette stops, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold hardi, Limoges, lion first quarter, plain fillet, S8128.jpg

1368-72 hardi, Limoges mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD' PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLI PnS AQVI, rosette stops, plain diadem.
Reverse circumscription is + AVXILIVm mЄVm A DOmInO followed by 'L' for Limoges, rosette stops, lion first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold hardi, Poitiers, plain fillet, S8128.jpg

1368-72 hardi, Poitiers mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD' PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLI PnS AQVI, rosette stops, plain diadem.
Reverse circumscription is + AVXLLIVm mЄVm A DOmInO followed by 'P' for Poitiers, rosette stops, lis first angle.

Edward the Black Prince gold hardi, La Rochelle, rosette fillet, S8128.jpg

1368-72 hardi, La Rochelle mint.
Obverse circumscription is + ЄD PO GnS RЄGIS AnGLI PnS AQVITA, rosette stops, rosettes in diadem.
Reverse circumscription is + AVXILIVm mЄVm A DOmInO followed by 'R' for La Rochelle, rosette stops, lis first angle.