Coconut oil does not make scratches. Neither does liquid soap. Either the toothbrush wasn't soft enough or the coin was already scratched. If it's the toothbrush, use a toothpick instead. Wood is softer than metal, so it won't make scratches.
In general, oil is good for copper, but doesn't do much to Cu-Ni. If you want to remove dirt, soapy water will do it (soap solves fat, which is what makes dirt hard.) If the dirt is caked and stubborn, heat the coin, cool it off rapidly (or vice versa) and attack dirt with toothpick. This method is a labour of patience and an individual treatment, unsuitable for batch treatment.
Your first worry should be to remove the green (see my previous post.) The black can come later.
Peter